Clinical Definition

Inspire Therapy consists of:

  • Implantable Pulse Generator: Battery-powered device implanted in the chest
  • Stimulation Lead: Electrode placed on the hypoglossal nerve
  • Sensing Lead: Detects breathing patterns
  • Remote Control: Allows patient to turn the device on/off
  • Synchronized Stimulation: Delivers timed stimulation during inspiration

The device synchronizes with the patient's breathing, delivering mild stimulation to the hypoglossal nerve during inspiration, which moves the tongue forward and opens the airway.

Etymology & History

Inspire Therapy was developed in the early 2000s and received FDA approval in 2014. It represents the first implantable device specifically designed to treat obstructive sleep apnea.

Reference Values & Interpretation

Normal Values

Successful Inspire Therapy typically reduces AHI by at least 50% and to less than 20 events per hour. Clinical trials show median AHI reduction from 32 to 7 events per hour at 12 months.

Abnormal Values

Inspire Therapy complications can include device malfunction, infection, tongue weakness, tooth damage, or inadequate response. The device requires regular battery replacements every 10-15 years.

How It's Measured

Inspire Therapy outcomes are assessed through follow-up sleep studies typically performed 2-3 months after device activation, along with clinical evaluation and device interrogation.

Role in Diagnosis

Inspire Therapy is used for carefully selected OSA patients who meet specific criteria and have failed CPAP therapy. Preoperative evaluation includes drug-induced sleep endoscopy to assess collapse patterns.

Role in Treatment

Inspire Therapy provides an effective alternative to CPAP for appropriately selected patients. It offers good compliance rates and significant improvements in quality of life for successful candidates.

Associated Conditions

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Clinical Guidelines

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Latest Research & Updates

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Recent studies have shown sustained benefits of Inspire Therapy over 5 years, with ongoing research investigating expanded indications and improved patient selection criteria.